Control Peptide for SNAPtide? 521
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#526
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產(chǎn)品名稱: Control Peptide for SNAPtide? 521
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#526
產(chǎn)品型號(hào): #526
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Control Peptide for SNAPtide? 521
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#526
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FRET Peptides, Native Substrates & Receptors
The potent toxicity of both the botulinum neurotoxins and anthrax lethal toxin is due to a zinc-dependent proteolytic activity associated with the toxins. Measurement of this enzymatic activity provides for both a potentially sensitive and direct means for detection of the toxin, and a method for identifying potential toxin inhibitors using high throughput screening. A highly efficient approach for monitoring enzymatic activity is based on the use of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) substrates. These fluorogenic peptides contain a donor fluorescent group at one end and a suitable chromogenic acceptor group at the other. The fluorescence is quenched initially by intramolecular energy transfer between the donor/acceptor pair. Cleavage of the FRET substrate by the appropriate enzyme releases the fluorophore and full fluorescence is restored. The increase in fluorescence intensity is directly proportional to the amount of enzyme present. Enzymatic activity can be monitored continuously by recording the increase in fluorescence intensity with time. The change in the relative fluorescence units (RFU) as cleavage occurs can be converted to nmoles of cleaved substrate from a standard curve generated using a Calibration Peptide which is the cleaved substrate containing only the N-terminally attached fluorophore. For Botulinum neurotoxin type A, a Control FRET peptide substrate that is not cleaved by the neurotoxin but contains all remaining non-specific sites in the sequence can be used to screen background cleavage of the substrate that can occur in complex matrices.
There are seven immunologically distinct botulinum neurotoxins, designated types A-G. Each neurotoxin toxin cleaves one of two target proteins critical for synaptic vesicle fusion to the plasma membrane and neurotransmitter release, either SNAP-25 or Synaptobrevin. The latter is also called VAMP-2. Types A, C and E specifically bind and selectively cleave SNAP-25 while types B, D, F and G cleave Synaptobrevin. Type C also cleaves Syntaxin. The enzymatic activity of these toxins can also be measured using the appropriate native substrate and monitoring the generation of the cleaved product on SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis.
The synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2c (SV2c) has been shown to be the protein receptor for Botulinum neurotoxin, Type A (BoNT/A) and the luminal domain loop is the specific location of BoNT/A binding. This 124 amino acid domain of SV2c is available as a GST fusion protein.
Our Citations include information referencing the use of FRET peptides in research.
Our Support Portal provides technical information on our FRET peptides.
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Calibration Fluorophore for VAMPtide? 540 Substrate
for C. botulinum Type B Neurotoxin
Calibration Fluorophore for VAMPtide? 540 Substrate
for C. botulinum Type B Neurotoxin
#549
Control Peptide for SNAPtide? 520 Substrate
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
Control Peptide for SNAPtide? 520 Substrate
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#525
Control Peptide for SNAPtide? 521
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
Control Peptide for SNAPtide? 521
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#526
GST Synaptobrevin-2 Protein Substrate
for C. botulinum Types B, D, and F
GST Synaptobrevin-2 Protein Substrate
for C. botulinum Types B, D, and F
#510A
MAPKKide? Peptide Substrate (DABCYL/FITC)
for Anthrax Lethal Factor
MAPKKide? Peptide Substrate (DABCYL/FITC)
for Anthrax Lethal Factor
#531
MAPKKide? Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp)
for Anthrax Lethal Factor
MAPKKide? Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp)
for Anthrax Lethal Factor
#530
MAPKKide? Plus (AMC) Specific Substrate
for Anthrax Lethal Factor
MAPKKide? Plus (AMC) Specific Substrate
for Anthrax Lethal Factor
#532
Receptor forClostridium botulinumType A Neurotoxin, GST-SV2c luminal domain
Receptor forClostridium botulinumType A Neurotoxin, GST-SV2c luminal domain
#690B
SNAP Etide? Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp)
for C. botulinum Type E Neurotoxin
SNAP Etide? Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp)
for C. botulinum Type E Neurotoxin
#550
SNAP-25 Recombinant Protein Substrate
for C. botulinum Types A and E Neurotoxin
SNAP-25 Recombinant Protein Substrate
for C. botulinum Types A and E Neurotoxin
#500A
SNAPtide? Peptide Substrate (FITC/DABCYL)
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
SNAPtide? Peptide Substrate (FITC/DABCYL)
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#521
SNAPtide? Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp)
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
SNAPtide? Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp)
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#520
SNAPtide? Peptide Substrate flP6(DABCYL/5-IAF)
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
SNAPtide? Peptide Substrate flP6(DABCYL/5-IAF)
for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#523
SYNTAXtide? (o-Abz/Dnp) Peptide Substrate
for C. botulinum Type C Neurotoxin
SYNTAXtide? (o-Abz/Dnp) Peptide Substrate
for C. botulinum Type C Neurotoxin
#560
Unquenched Calibration Peptide for MAPKKide? 530
for Anthrax Lethal Factor
Unquenched Calibration Peptide for MAPKKide? 530
for Anthrax Lethal Factor
#539
Unquenched Calibration Peptide for SNAPtide? 520 Substrate for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
Unquenched Calibration Peptide for SNAPtide? 520 Substrate for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#529
Unquenched Calibration Peptide for SNAPtide? 521 Substrate for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
Unquenched Calibration Peptide for SNAPtide? 521 Substrate for C. botulinum Type A Neurotoxin
#528
VAMPtide? (Pya/Nop) Peptide Substrate
for Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B
VAMPtide? (Pya/Nop) Peptide Substrate
for Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B
#542
VAMPtide? Peptide Substrate (FITC/DABCYL) Substrate
for C. botulinum Type B Neurotoxin
VAMPtide? Peptide Substrate (FITC/DABCYL) Substrate
for C. botulinum Type B Neurotoxin
#541
VAMPtide? Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp) Substrate
for C. botulinum Type B Neurotoxin
VAMPtide? Peptide Substrate (o-Abz/Dnp) Substrate
for C. botulinum Type B Neurotoxin
#540
